The Arduino IDE comes with the Wire library installed and you can include it in your code with the following header: Using I2C on the Arduino Uno is extremely simple – you just include the Wire library in your code and then connect the right pins. Use a bidirectional logic level converter if you need to. Do your homework and make sure that nothing you connect will pull the voltage up to 5-volts. Still, don’t take this to mean you can connect just about anything. You could think of this as using the Raspberry Pi to control the Arduino. What makes this all much easier to manage is that when you use the Raspberry Pi as a master device, the Arduino Uno will use an open-collector output that uses the 3.3-volt pull-up resistor on the Raspberry Pi for the high signal. This can either fry it instantly or cause it to wear out very fast. The trouble starts when you send a 5-volt signal to a 3.3-volt device like the Raspberry Pi. It certainly won’t damage it and, most of the time, this voltage is above the minimum threshold and will be detected as a high signal. It’s usually no problem to send a 3.3-volt signal to a 5-volt device. This means we have to take care in how we connect them. The Raspberry Pi runs on 3.3-volts while the Arduino Uno runs on 5-volts. Dealing With 3.3-Volt and 5-Volt Logic Levels To transfer files, stream media and so on, use a higher bandwidth serial bus protocol like SPI or USB. That’s still a luxurious amount for I2C’s intended purpose of sending command and control messages, reading values from sensors and such. The trade-off for this is that everything on the bus shares a rather modest bandwidth, sometimes as low as 100kbit/s. With I2C, you can even connect multiple masters, though they take it in turns to talk. UART only connects two components together SPI can run any number of slaves but requires an additional pin on the master device for each one. The ability to connect so many components to just 2 pins is I2C’s great advantage over other common serial protocols. In most implementations this is a 7-bit address space. This doesn’t really count as a signal line, but it’s still a wire to connect.Įvery slave device on the I2C bus requires a unique address, written in hexadecimal. It’s also a good idea to tie the ground pins together so that we’re sure the ground reference voltage is the same on each board. You can control hundreds of components using just two pins: the SDA (or serial data) pin and the SCL (or serial clock) pin. This protocol is designed for communication across short distances, within a device. This is a serial bus that allows communication in both directions. I2C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit Protocol. Happily, they both support the I2C serial protocol, which makes it super easy for them to communicate. The Raspberry Pi’s computational muscle and the Arduino Uno’s precision and I/O capabilities mean that together, they’re an excellent team. It’s especially handy for interacting with analogue circuits. This gives you incredibly low-level control. Because it’s such a simple device, you work much closer to the metal. It supplies a higher voltage than the Raspberry Pi and can supply more current. Where it really excels is that it’s much more versatile with the range of electronic components it can interact with. The Arduino Uno has a tiny fraction of the processing power and only runs programs written and compiled for it on another computer. You can use the Raspberry Pi as a development environment and program it in just about any language you like. It can run Linux, connect keyboards, monitors and USB sticks, connect to networks and the internet, even run a graphical desktop environment and perform server roles. The Raspberry Pi is a full-fledged microcomputer in its own right. Apart from that, they’re as different as The Flash and Judge Dredd. Well, they’re both microcontrollers, they’re both widely documented, and both ideal for beginners. What’s the deal with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno? Connecting a Raspberry Pi to an Arduino Uno Using the I2C Protocol
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